Commentary for Moed Katan 2:2
וְכֵן מִי שֶׁהָיָה יֵינוֹ בְּתוֹךְ הַבּוֹר וְאֵרְעוֹ אֵבֶל אוֹ אֹנֶס, אוֹ שֶׁהִטְעוּהוּ פוֹעֲלִים, זוֹלֵף וְגוֹמֵר וְגָף כְּדַרְכּוֹ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יוֹסֵי. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, עוֹשֶׂה לוֹ לִמּוּדִים, בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁלֹּא יַחְמִיץ:
Likewise, if one had wine in a pit [under the wine press, coated with lime for receiving the wine], and he became a mourner, or he had some mishap, or workers deceived him, he may spill, finish, and stop up as is his wont. R. Yehudah says: He makes boards so that it not turn sour. [i.e., He covers it with boards so that it not turn sour, but he may not take it out of the pit. The halachah is in accordance with R. Yossi.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Moed Katan
בתוך הבור – digging underneath the wine press which is covered with plaster to receive the wine.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Moed Katan
Introduction
This mishnah is similar to yesterday’s mishnah but deals with the production of wine instead of olive oil.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Moed Katan
למודים – wooden boards, that is to say, he covers it there with boards so that it does not ferment, and it does not draw wine out of the put. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Moed Katan
Similarly, if one had his wine [already] in a cistern and mourning or some unforeseen circumstance befell him, or workmen misled him, he may draw off [the wine], complete the process and seal [the jars] in his usual way, the words of Rabbi Yose. In this case, someone has already pressed his grapes and the juices have run off into the cistern, and for some reason he was not able to jar the wine before the festival. According to Rabbi Yose, since the process was started and it was not his fault that he could not complete it, he may complete the process during the festival. He may remove the wine from the cistern, finish squeezing all of the juice out of the grapes and put the wine into jars.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Moed Katan
Rabbi Judah says: he [may only] cover [the cistern] with boards to prevent it from turning into vinegar. Consistent with his opinion in yesterday’s mishnah, Rabbi Judah does not allow him to complete the process. Rather, all he may do is cover the wine in the cistern so that it does not spoil.
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